Kazi Nazrul’s Literary Style and Use of Language

Kazi Nazrul Islam, often celebrated as the ‘Rebel Poet’, holds an eminent position in the pantheon of South Asian literature. He was a revolutionary Bengali poet, musician, and playwright who fearlessly championed the cause of social justice, communal harmony, and national independence. This article will delve into Nazrul’s distinctive literary style and his innovative use of language.

Background and Socio-Political Influence

To understand Nazrul’s style and language, one needs to appreciate the socio-political milieu he emerged from. Born in 1899 in British India, Nazrul lived through tumultuous times marked by the fight against colonialism, religious division, and social inequities. This background profoundly shaped his writings, making them charged with revolutionary zeal and fervor. He was uncompromising in his criticism of orthodoxy, intolerance, and prejudice.

Literary Style

1. Revolutionary Spirit: Dubbed ‘Bidrohi’ or the Rebel, Nazrul’s poetry was an anthem of rebellion against oppression, be it colonial, religious, or social. His poem ‘Bidrohi’, widely regarded as his magnum opus, exemplifies his rebellious spirit, where he conjures a myriad of powerful images, portraying himself as a force of nature and a harbinger of change.
2. Eclecticism: Nazrul was well-versed in both classical and folk traditions, integrating them seamlessly into his works. He borrowed freely from Hindu and Muslim lore, bringing together disparate cultural elements in a harmonious blend.
3. Musicality: An accomplished musician, Nazrul’s verses often bear a rhythmic, musical quality. He was instrumental in pioneering new genres in Bengali music, such as Nazrul Geeti. The musicality of his language transcends the barrier of sound and touches readers even on the silent pages of written text.

Use of Language

1. Versatility in Language: Kazi Nazrul Islam was never confined to the classical tenets of Bengali. He was experimental, drawing from the colloquial, the vernacular, and the elite. His diction combined Sanskrit, Arabic, and Persian derivatives. This made his works accessible to a wide audience, bridging the gap between the elite and the masses.
2. Imagery and Metaphor: Nazrul’s use of imagery was vivid and compelling. Whether evoking the spirit of rebellion or the pain of love, his images drew from nature, mythology, history, and everyday life. These metaphors and similes rendered his poetry both profound and relatable.
3. Socio-linguistic Inclusivity: In a society rife with religious tensions, Nazrul’s language was a bridge. He celebrated both Hindu and Muslim festivals, wrote songs for both communities, and invoked gods and prophets from both religions. His poem ‘Shammobadi’ (The Humanist) is a testament to his secular credentials.
4. Language as an Instrument of Protest: Nazrul employed language as a weapon. In ‘Kandari Hushiar’ (Helmsman, Be Alert!), he used powerful language to rouse the masses against colonialism. His fiery, uncompromising words were often a source of discomfort for the British rulers, leading to his frequent imprisonments.

Legacy

Kazi Nazrul Islam’s approach to literature and language was groundbreaking for his times. He broke free from the constraints of tradition, constantly evolving and adapting his style. His amalgamation of the high and the low, the classical and the folk, the Hindu and the Muslim, was symbolic of his vision for a harmonious, unified society.

His unwavering commitment to justice, love, and freedom found a voice in his unique literary style and linguistic choices. Nazrul’s works transcended mere artistry; they became a clarion call for change, a symphony of rebellion against the status quo.

In today’s age, when the world grapples with divisions of various kinds, Nazrul’s words remain profoundly relevant. His fearless championing of unity, his celebration of diversity, and his revolutionary spirit serve as a beacon for all times.

In conclusion, Kazi Nazrul Islam was not just a poet or a musician; he was a force of nature. His literary style and use of language were not merely artistic choices but were deeply intertwined with his vision for society and the nation. In his words and melodies, one can find the heartbeat of a subcontinent, the dreams of millions, and the voice of dissent against oppression.